The assessment of cultural heritage, including archaeological resources, built heritage, and cultural landscapes, provides an important historical perspective on past environments and human ecology. Heritage is also inherently predisposed to regional strategic EA approaches, given its fundamental concern with human landscapes, past and present. This presentation will explore various ways that heritage assessments can integrate historical context into EA decision-making and provide historical benchmarks for addressing matters such as climate change and ecosystem restoration. It will also illustrate how heritage studies can expand the scope of collecting and modelling baseline data, and integrate traditional knowledge.