This chapter within Borders, Culture, and Globalization: A Canadian Perspective edited by Victor Konrad and Melissa Kelly, explores the relationship between borders and the conservation of natural and cultural heritage resources in a municipal context. Intergovernmental researchers and policymakers have recently linked conservation of natural and cultural heritage to the protection of biocultural diversity, defined as “biological diversity, cultural diversity, and the links between them”. The conservation of biocultural diversity requires the conservation of biocultural resources: the natural and cultural heritage of an area, people, and region. Biocultural resources are deeply defined by borders and boundaries that are concurrently shaped by ecological and political processes.